Shingle



June 10, 1941. H. ABRAHAM 2,245,062-

SHINGLE Filed Feb. 3, 1941 Tic-ilk INVENTOR A fzaser flak/may:

ATTORNEY Patented June 10, 1941 2,245,062 SI-lINGLE Herbert Abraham, New York, N. Y., assignor to The Ruberoid 00., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application February 3, 1941, Serial No. 377,140

8 Claims.

will be exposed to the weather when the shingles are laid in overlapping courses. The overlay not only enhances the ornamental appearance of the shingle by increasing the thickness of its exposed or butt end but it also provides greater. weight and better protection to the weather end of the shingle with more resistance against bending by high wind pressure.

The present invention relates more particularly to improvements in the construction of that type of asphalt shingle, and has for its principal object to provide a shingle of this type in which the second coating on the weather end is anchored at intervals directly to the saturated felt base or foundation, thus effecting a firm and secure bonding of the coating, increasing the rigidity of the weather end, and adding to the shatterproof properties of the shingle.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear to those skilled in the art from the following description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a face view of a shingle of this invention with the first coating applied;

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the shingle with the second coating or overlay applied to its weather end;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken on the of Figure l; and

Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

For the purpose of illustration only, I'have shown the invention applied to a common form of strip shingle having'rectangular tabs, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in respect to the form or shape of the shingle, and that it may be applied to individual shingles as well as to strip shingles.

The shingle comprises a base or foundation ill of roofing felt or equivalent fibrous material, saturated or impregnated with asphalt or the like. The shingle is preferably in the form of a strip embodying a plurality of tabs ll separated by slots or cut-outs l2. These tabs constitute the butt or exposed portion when the strips are laid in the usual manner, that is, with the lower edges line 3-3 of those of one course-placed over and in registration with the inner ends of the slots of those of the next lower course. The under surface of the saturated felt base I 0 may, as usual, be coated over its entire extent with a coating H) of asphalt,

mica, or other suitable substance.

The face or upper surface of the saturated felt base it may be coated with a continuous coating I5 of asphalt or the like, of substantially uniform thickness, throughout the area from its upper edge to a line about one inch above the inner ends of the slots l2.

According to the present invention, the face of the saturated felt base of the tab portions of the strip is coated with two coats of asphalt or the like, the first of which is discontinuous and the second continuous. These coatings may be of the same material as the coating l5, although, if desired, the second coat or overlay may be of a harder consistency.

The first of these coats is preferably applied in the form of parallel stripes l6 of substantially uniform width and of approximately'the samethickncss as the coat l5. These stripes may extend lengthwise over the tabs and up to a point adjacent the lower edge of the coat l5, and they may be spaced evenly from one another, usually about one-quarter of an inch, to leave intervening areas or zones ll of the .saturated felt base free from said coating. These uncoated areas together with the sides of the adjacent stripes It provide spaces or channels, as best seen in Fig. 3, for the reception of the flange portions of the overlay coat. The coating l5and the stripes it are faced with mineral particles or grit l8 partly embedded therein. Since the areas or zones H are uncoated, the mineral granules will not adhere to those areas.

The second or overlay coat l9 isapplied as a continuous coating over thegrit faced stripes l6, and it may in turn be faced with mineral particles or grit 20, usually-colored grit. On refer- .ence to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the second coat includes flange or rib portions 2| that project into the spaces between the stripes and come into direct contact with the uncoated areas or zones ll of the saturated felt base. The flanges serve to anchor the overlay coat securely to the saturated felt base by fusion with the saturant and adhesion to the fibres thereof. -Not only do the flanges anchor the overlay to the base but they also increase the rigidity of the structure, particularly as to bending moment in the direction of the flanges.

Since shingles of this type are usually applied by nailing at points above the slots, so that the nail heads will be covered by the shingles of the next upper course, the coat I9 may be extended upwards beyond the ends of the slots, as shown in Fig. 2, a suific'ient distance to permit of such nailing through the double coating.

The construction above described has numerous advantages over the prior art practice of applying the overlay coat on the grit faced surface of the first coat. Among these may be noted that it increases the shatterproof properties of the product, that is, it avoids the tendency of the overlay coat to be loosened or separated from the underlay coat by physical shocks or by action of the elements; it prevents formation of blisters or bubbles by air entrapped between the grit facing of the first coat and the overlay coat; it anchors the overlay directly and positively to the base at intervals, thus markedly increasing the strength of bond; and, it results in a stronger and more rigid product.

An essential feature of the improved construction consists in the provision of uncoated areas or zones in the first coat. However, the shape, number and arrangement of these uncoated areas may be varied so long as they are of sufficient size and suitably spaced to afford anchorage of the overlay directly to the saturated felt base at proper intervals.

While it is preferable to apply the second coating or overlay only on the tabs and in their immediate vicinity, it will be apparent that the invention in respect to the manner of anchoring the overlay at intervals directly to the felt base may, if desired, be applied to the entire extent of the shingle or to any part thereof.

What I claim is:

1. A shingle comprising an asphalt saturated felt base having two coats of asphalt, one superposed on the other, on at least that portion-of its surface that is intended to be exposed when laid, the under coat being discontinuous to leave uncoated areas of the base intervening the coated areas, the upper coat being continuous and having portions that project through the spaces between the coated areas into contact with the uncoated areasto anchor the upper coat at intervals directly to the saturated felt base.

2. A shingle comprising an asphalt saturated felt base having two coats of asphalt, one superposed on the other, on at least that portion of its surface that is intended to be exposed when laid, the under coat being discontinuous to leave uncoated areas of the base intervening the coated areas, the upper coat being continuous and having portions that project through the spaces, between the coated areas into contact with the uncoated areas to anchor the upper coat at intervals directly to the saturated felt base, both the discontinuous under coat and the continuous upper coat being faced with grit.

3. A shingle comprising a fibrous base saturated with a bituminous waterproofing substance, said base having a coating of bituminous substance over its entire upper surface, said coating being discontinuous on the weather end to leave uncoated areas at intervals between the coated areas, and a second coating of bituminous substance applied over the entire extent of the discontinuous portion of the first coating, said second coating having portions that are anchored directly to the saturated fibrous base by fusion with the saturant and adhesion to the fibres thereof.

4. A shingle comprising a fibrous base saturated with a bituminous waterproofing substance, said base having a coating of bituminous substance over its entire upper surface, said coating being discontinuous on the weather end to leave uncoated areas at intervals between the coated areas, and a second coating of bituminous substance applied over the entire extent of the discontinuous portion of the first coating, said second coating having portions that are anchored directly to the saturated fibrous base by fusion with the saturant and adhesion to the fibres thereof, both the first and the second coatings being faced with grit.

5. A shingle having tabs along its lower end, comprising a felt base saturated with asphalt, a coating of asphalt on one surface of the saturated base, said coating being discontinuous on and in the vicinity of the tabs to leave uncoated areas of the saturated base, and a second coating having portions that project through spaces in the discontinuous coating and anchor it at intervals directly to the saturated base.

6. A shingle having tabs along its lower end, comprising a felt base saturated with asphalt, a coating of asphalt on one surface of the base, said coating being in the form of stripes on the tabs and for a short distance above the tabs with uncoated areas between the stripes, a second coating having portions that project through spaces between the stripes onto the uncoated areas of the base and anchor said second coating at intervals to the saturated base.

7. A shingle having tabs along its lower edge, comprising a felt base saturated with asphalt, a coating of asphalt on the upper portion of the face of the base, a coating of asphalt applied in parallel longitudinal stripes on the face of the tabs and the adjacent lower portion of the base, said stripes being spaced apart to provide intervening spaces free from said coating, said coating and stripes having a facing of grit partly embedded therein, a second coating of asphalt applied over the grit faced stripes and lower portion of the first coat, said second coating having flanges that are received in the uncoated spaces between the stripes and that contact the saturatedfelt base to anchor the second coat at intervals directly to the base by fusion with the saturant thereof and adhesion to the felt.

8. A shingle having tabs along its lower end, comprising a felt base saturated with asphalt,

a coating of asphalt on one surface of the saturated base, said coating being discontinuous on and in the vicinity of the tabs to leave uncoated areas of the saturated base, and a second coating having portions that project through spaces in the discontinuous coating and anchor it at intervals directly to the saturated base.

, HERBERT ABRAHAM. 

